Katriona Scoffin of BTL addresses the importance of a well-designed freeze-drying cycle. In order to freeze-dry products thoroughly, and to ensure consistent quality and activity in the reconstituted product, it is vital that the freeze-drying cycle is designed specifically for each material. This also applies to different formulations of products, since the choice of excipient can have a marked effect on the thermal characteristics.
https://international-pharma.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/The-importance…pdf.pdf